Bengal Patachitra (also spelled as "Patchitra") is a traditional art form originating from the state of West Bengal, India. "Pata" refers to a painted piece of cloth, and "chitra" means picture or image, so Patachitra essentially translates to "painted picture" in Bengali.

Bengal Patachitra has a long and rich history that dates back to ancient times. It is believed to have originated in the 13th century AD during the Pala dynasty. Initially, these artworks were created as a form of visual storytelling, illustrating mythological stories and religious themes. Patachitra is typically created on a piece of cloth, often made of cotton or silk. The cloth is first treated with a mixture of chalk and gum to smoothen the surface. The artists then draw intricate designs and figures using natural dyes, which are made from various materials like turmeric, indigo, rice, and flowers. The vibrant colors and intricate detailing are characteristic features of Bengal Patachitra.

Traditional Patachitra paintings depict a wide range of subjects, including mythological stories from Hindu epics like Ramayana and Mahabharata, tales of Lord Krishna, folk stories, and rural life. Over time, artists have also started incorporating contemporary themes and social issues into their work. Bengal Patachitra can be broadly categorized into two main styles: "Patua" and "Kalighat." Patua style involves narrative scrolls that are unrolled and presented while storytelling. Kalighat style, on the other hand, emerged in the 19th century and is characterized by single-sheet paintings with bolder lines and brighter colors.

Bengal Patachitra has significant cultural and religious importance in West Bengal. It is not only an art form but also a means of preserving and passing down traditional stories and cultural heritage from one generation to another. While traditional Patachitra continues to be practiced by skilled artisans in rural areas, it has also evolved to cater to a wider audience. Today, you can find Patachitra paintings on various mediums like canvas, paper, and even as souvenirs and decorative items.

Bengal Patachitra is a captivating art form that reflects the essence of Bengal's cultural and artistic traditions. Its intricate detailing, vibrant colors, and portrayal of mythology make it a cherished part of India's artistic heritage. Bengal Patachitra was awarded GI tag in the year 2018.